Smith Business and Finance

Many people do not consider the importance of a budget. They indulge in spending according to their earning and do not leave room for emergencies. This usually ends up in the incurring of debts and sometimes, personal bankruptcy. A budget helps to counter these consequences.

The essential calculations in a budget are income and expenditure. The purpose of a budget is to ensure that the expenses do not exceed the income and also provide for savings for the future.

A budget needs to be documented in the form of a chart or table. This needs to be easily comprehensible and provide a quick summing up of the relevant details. The chart needs to effectively reflect the different heads of expenditure. Suggested heads are housing and utilities, entertainment, health and beauty, transportation, communication and household. These can be further subdivided as follows:

Housing and utilities

- Mortgage payment or rent
- Insurance
- Taxes and electricity
- Natural gas
- Water and garbage pick up

Entertainment
- Cable television or satellite service
- Internet access
- Dining out
- Bars clubs

- Sporting events, parties, lessons and recitals

Health and Beauty
- Hair-cuts, perms etc.
- Make-up
- Medical, dental, vision, weight loss, diet products
- Nutritional supplements

Transportation

- Car payments, insurance
- Gas
- Routine maintenance, repairs
- Air travel
- Rental cars, public transportation

Communication

- Telephone
- Cellular phone
- Voice mail

Household

– Groceries
- Cleaning supplies
- Laundry, dry cleaning
- Home improvement
Projects, towels, linens

Others

- Credit card payments
- Other loan payments
- Child care, items for baby/elderly
- Allowances for children, book clubs, magazines, music, etc., fast food
- Investments, vacation, spending money, donations to church or charity
- Gifts (Christmas, birthdays, anniversary, etc.)
- Emergency fund
- Cigarettes.

If you have any other expenses that are not covered, you could add them to the list.

Next, try to reflect all expenses on a monthly calculation. For example, if you pay yearly taxes, calculate the monthly expense by dividing the yearly amount by twelve. Having done this, add up all the figures to arrive at the total monthly expense figure. Then subtract this amount from your take home salary amount. If you find the remainder in negative, you need to look for expenses where you ought to cut down. For example, if your take home salary is $1000 and your expenses total to $1150, you would need to trim down $150 each month, from the expenses.

If you need to cut down on your expenses, you would be the best judge to decide where to make the changes. However, it would be prudent to cut back on the extra subscription channels of the television. If you are smoker, cut down on smoking instead. Take home cooked lunch to office instead of eating fast food. Economize on power consumption by avoiding unnecessary use of the air conditioner and heating and make less use of the phone.

Creating a budget is absolutely necessary to manage your finances and is not dependent on the size of your income. It helps to prevent overspending and personal bankruptcy, allowing you keep track of your income and expenditure.

When one has no emergency fund, one can be obliged to acquire debt on your credit card that might take several years to repay with interest that would later cost so much more.However by putting an extra thirty to fifty dollars every month in an individual “emergency savings account” one can be secured with what emergency the future may bring. In doing this, it is recommended that one regards the emergency fund as an additional bill, to be punctually paid each month.Yes, one can and should budget and allocate the extra money for emergency fund, as this is very significant when one refers to his “financial future”.

Here, the goal is to create savings from budgeting your income; the emergency savings should ideally be equal to at least three months your living expenditures. What’s important is that you should steadily put a certain amount of money aside, and only use it for real emergencies. Not like an investment, the success of one’s long-term savings funds does not really count on the amount of return or interests but on placing a fixed amount of money away constantly and steadily so to have immediate access to it at all times.

In spite of one’s financial status, the initial step in the process of constructing an emergency fund is by knowing where your money is presently being consumed or spent. When one recognizes and determines where one’s earnings are spent, then it will be easy for one to choose and make a decision where to trim down expenses. In other words, budget.Budgeting is putting or setting aside money for anticipated and unanticipated future use.  It is here that one sets up a goal so as to save.  So set an emergency fund as your goal.Checking, savings, money market accounts and “certificates of deposits”, are great places to keep one’s cash that might be needed on quick notice. The amount saved from budgeting can either go to your savings goal, emergency fund or both.  One could utilize the money saved from budgeting financial expenses by saving half of it to your savings account and half of it for emergencies. This wayFree Reprint Articles, you achieve your goals in savings and at the same time put in funds for emergency use.  It’s your choice.

There’s nothing more we want than to be able to efficiently manage our money. After all, the money that we want to manage is money that is oftentimes, hard earned. This is where a budget comes in. A budget executed properly, should help you see where your money is going, get more utility out of every buck, and help you save some extra for future use.

The first smart secret to a budget is to set a goal. What do you want to achieve? Do you want to correctly appropriate your income into bills payments? Do you want to put an amount aside for a big purchase or a huge investment? By having a goal, you will be able to shape your budget to best serve your interests.

Secondly, you would want to take note of where your money usually goes. This includes bills, major but regular purchases (like grocery costs, healthcare costs, and the like), and everyday miscellaneous purchases. Only when you list down where you know your money usually goes will you be able to identify which expenses you can do without. Once you’ve identified these regular expenditures, take into consideration what you can cut back on. How much do you spend on your daily caffeine fix in the morning? How much do you spend on newspaper deliveries to your front door? The measly $2 or $5 of these small purchases cumulatively translates to more than $3600 a year! Instead of buying your expensive latte or reading the newspaper on print, put aside the amount you would usually pay for these small routine purchases in a small container. You will be surprised at how much you’re saving out of your older budget.

Being indebted is a vicious cycle on its own. You’re talking about continuous payments, not to mention huge interest rates. The best way to deal with this is to pay the minimum on all of your debts in order to avoid paying extraneous late fees. Whatever cash excesses you may have, you can opt to add on to the payments you make in your biggest debt. This way, you are concentrated on getting the biggest debts first that cost you the greatest interest rates. Doing this progressively, you’ll be amazed at how much you’ll get off your huge debts.

The last and most important step is to jot down the amount you earn the sum you spend. You can make use of computer cash management programs, or make database sheets of your own. Make a system that works for you and will help you keep track of your monthly budgeting progress.

Do you run out of money before you run out of month?  Do you wonder where your money goes each month?  Do you struggle to find money to invest for retirement, emergencies and other financial goals?  Here are 10 tips to cut your spending and stretch your dollar to the max:

1.  Consider dropping your home telephone line.  Your cell phone is probably all you really need, and most likely it has free long distance.  You could save $30 or more per month by dropping your “land line”.

2.  Cut back on trips to Starbucks or other premium coffee shops.  Often called the “latte factor”, spending several dollars per day on luxuries like premium coffee can really add up.  For example, if you spend $4 for a cappuccino five times a week for 50 weeks out of the year (you’re on vacation the other two weeks), you would spend $1,000 in a year.  Try treating your trip to Starbucks as a treat instead of a habit.  You’ll save money and probably lose weight too!

3.  Pay your mortgage payment bi-weekly instead of monthly.  You’ll pay less interest and pay off your mortgage faster.

4.  Carry cash instead of credit cards.  Psychologically it’s harder to spend cash than it is to use the credit card.  You’ll spend less and save on interest charges.

5.  Use the “envelope system” for groceries, dining out, entertainment, and other discretionary spending categories.  This will help you track how much you spend in these categories as well as prioritizing your spending.

6.  Raise the deductible on your homeowners and auto insurance policies.  It’s not wise to file claims for small losses anyway (insurance companies love to raise rates after you file a claim), so a higher deductible will save you money now and in the future.

7.  Buy regular gas instead of premium.  Most cars don’t need premium gasoline.  Also, take public transportation if it’s available in your area.  Take advantage of “park and ride” and carpooling options.

8.  Plan your purchases to avoid impulse buying.  Take a list with you to the grocery store and stick with it.  Studies show that impulse buying can add $10-50 to your grocery bill – ouch!

9.  Go to the library instead of the bookstore.  If you’re an avid reader, give yourself a book budget for books that you will want to keep, and go to the library for everything else.

10.  Take a vacation at home.  Check out all the local sites and happenings.  You’ll rediscover your hometown and save on travel and hotel costs.

These are just a handful of ways you can cut spending and stretch your dollars, but if you follow these tips you’ll discover you have more money at the end of each month to apply to other financial goals, such as saving for college, retirement or just for a rainy day.

Making a budget for a home business start-up is more of an art than it is a science. No matter how exactly you think you’ve pinned down all your expenses, it’s guaranteed that more will appear that you either didn’t think of or just couldn’t have predicted. That’s why you need to make sure that you always plan for every possible expense.

Things Break.

Remember that any equipment you buy can go wrong, no matter how expensive or high-quality it was (this is especially true of anything IT-related!) When things break, you probably won’t need to buy a new one, but you’ll at least have to wait for the manufacturer to replace what broke. This can lead to days of lost or less-efficient business, and cost you money. Budget for equipment failures.

People are Unpredictable.

When you hire staff, you have no way of knowing that they aren’t going to let you down. You might have worked out that it takes $200 to train one new staff member, but what do you do when that newly-trained staff member quits and moves to France after three weeks at the job? You’ve got no choice but to train someone else and take the loss. Budget for staff turnover.

The World is Against You.

Or at least it can sometimes feel that way. Just when you’ve got everything perfect, someone sets up a little construction site next door, and drives your business away. Or maybe it rains for a few weeks, meaning that there’s just no demand for your bouncy castle hire business. Whatever, you need to budget for times when you’ve got no customers – and make sure you have something else to be getting on with in the meantime.

Customers are Out to Get You.

‘The customer is always right’, right? Well, yes, but their ‘rightness’ can sure cost you a lot of money. You have to be prepared to take huge losses to pay off complaining customers. Remember that one unhappy customer can undo hundreds of dollars worth of marketing efforts – once you make a customer unhappy, your options are to take a loss fixing the situation or to take an even bigger loss when they tell everyone how you didn’t. The only way to avoid this expense is to please all of the people all of the time, which just isn’t possible. Budget for unhappy customers.

Competitors Kick You When You’re Down.

If one of your competitors spots a good opportunity to take some business from you, they won’t hesitate. You need to have a ‘war chest’ ready to make aggressive offers and marketing efforts, and be prepared to get into a full-scale price and advertising war with the competition. It’s massively frustrating to be in a position where your rivals are getting all your business simply because you already used up your marketing money for this month. Budget for war.

Double Your Budget.

Whatever happens, remember that under-budgeting is the worst mistake you can make. It’s known as ‘under-capitalisation’, and is generally thought of as one of the quickest ways to kill a business – anyone who might be willing to give you finance will just think you’re a fool if you’ve under-capitalised your business, and might even refuse to lend to you.

Most home businesses budget only a few thousand dollars for their expenses (if they even make a budget), thinking that they already have everything they need. People don’t realise how quickly little costs like having some business cards made or getting your suit dry-cleaned start to add up. This doesn’t apply for other kinds of business, but if you’re like 99% of home business starters, you really ought to double your budget. If you doubt me, start adding up all your ‘little’ expenses over a year, and see what happens.

Budgeting for every expense in your initial plans shows that you’re not the kind of person who thinks that everything’s going to go right for them just because they’re so great – instead, you’re a practical businessperson who knows that anything that could go wrong probably will, and you plan to make a profit anyway. There is a difference, after all, between arrogance and cool-headed determination, and it’s one that the people with the money want to see.